Thread like Opposite Oppositely Attached directly by the base, not stalked. Flower rests directly on the stem Bent or curved downward or backward Flower spikes so close together they appear to be like a head. Forming a rounded head Arranged around an axis; not opposite as in distichous Spreading like fingers in a hand and therefore there is no conspicuous main central spike. The main axis would be very short. Surfaced with small scurfy scales (trichomes) Smooth, glossy, i.e. without hairs or scales Closely and flatly pressed against Spindle shaped Frosty; covered with fine scales, hairs, dust, bloom, or the like, so as to give the appearance of frost. Sword-shaped Twisted to one side. Bent, as a knee. Terminating abruptly in a little point which is not particularly stiff.

AN AMATEUR’S GUIDE TO THE GREYISH LEAVED TILLANDSIOIDEAE

Compiled by Derek Butcher

THE KEY

A - PETAL - BLUE, LILAC, VIOLET

A1 STAMENS & STYLE Shorter or equalling petals. (see Fig. 3) 82
       
    Longer than petals. (see Fig. 3) 2
       
A2 INFLORESCENCE Compound (see Fig. 2) 29
       
    Simple (see Fig. 1) 3
       
A3 FLOWER Distichously on rhachis. 10
       
    Spirally on rhachis or inflorescence only 2-5 flowered. 4
       
A4 SEPAL ca 3.4 cm long 4A
       
    Up to 2.8 cm long 5
       
A4A SEPAL 3.4 cm long densely lepidote. macdougallii
       
    3.3 cm long, glabrous. Leaf blade to 14 cm long, Pruinose. Sheath light brown. velickiana
       
A5 LEAF SHEATH Brown to dark brownish black contrasting with blades, making a loose bulbose rosette oaxacana
       
    otherwise 6
       
A6 LEAF Thin grasslike. Flower stem to 45 cm. Inflorescence long and narrow. (Inflorescence usually compound with distichous spikes) setiformis
       
    Not thin grasslike 6A
       
A6A FLOWER STEM Very short or missing. 2-5 flowered 7
       
    3-7 cm long 8
       
A7 FLOWER STEM Short. Leaf robust, awllike ca. 6cm long. scaposa
       
    Missing 7A
       
A7A LEAF thin, filiform 10-15 cm long magnusiana
       
    robust, narrow-triangular, 5 - 7 cm long, 1 cm wide. Inner leaves showing a pinkish tinge at anthesis kammii
       
    robust, awllike ca 6 cm long, 5 mm wide inner leaves turning red at anthesis. ionantha
       
A8 FLORAL BRACT Naked, Light red. Inflorescence hanging andrieuxii
       
    Dense grey scales 9
       
A9 PLANT With short stem. Flower stem 6 - 7cm long. Leaf blade 2 cm wide at base, 10cm long. Floral bract and sepal glabrous. hondurensis
       
    With long stem to 80 cm long. Flower stem to 12 cm long. Leaf blade 1.5 cm wide, 15cm long. Floral bract and sepal lepidote harrisii
       
A10 FLOWER Spaced out on rhachis or rhachis clearly visible. 11
       
    Closely arranged on rhachis. Inflorescence often sword shaped. 12
       
A11 LEAF Thin, filiform evenly spaced 3 -7 cm long with the sheaths forming a globose bulb. Flowers very lax. fuchsii
       
    Not filiform 11A
       
A11A LEAF Blade to 10cm long, awllike, upright with the sheath forming an oblong bulb. Inflorescence almost sword shaped. ariza-juliae
       
    Not forming a bulb. 11B
       
A11B INFLORESCENCE 1 cm wide to 9 cm long, Leaf blade to 16 cm long, narrow triangular (10 mm wide)Inflorescence laxly 5 - 7 flowered pueblensis
       
    3 - 5 cm wide, 5 cm - 30 cm long, Leaf blade 15 mm wide, inflorescence 9 - 25 flowered. Petals appendaged Vriesea barclayana
       
A12 PLANT Not bulbose 16
       
    Bulb forming at base or slender flask forming. 13
       
A13 PLANT Thick with grey rough spreading scales giving a frosted look. 15
       
    With appressed scales. 14
       
A14 LEAFBLADE Not grooved 14A
       
    Strongly grooved, narrow triangular tapering to a point, upright, tip often bent one way. circinnatoides
       
A14A FLORAL BRACT Green, leaf sheaths 2.6 cm wide. Leaf blades narrow triangular grey green but reddish especially top third. turquinensis
       
    pale rose, lepidote leaves grey green baileyi
       
A15 LEAF Almost disk shaped sheath, abruptly becoming awllike, then contorted filiform towards the tip, 2-4 mm diameter. Floral bract keeled at the tip. Inflorescence 3 - 4 cm wide. pruinosa
       
    Sheath spoon shaped merging into short blade with longitudinal nerves like circinnatoides. Spike to 14 cm long, 6 - 8mm wide, bracts pink and lepidote. weberi
       
    Sheath spoon shaped merging into blade which is to 10cm long, scape very short, inflorescence 4 - 5cm long, 2.5 - 3cm wide, bracts bright red delicata
       
    Broadly ovate sheath gradually becoming narrow triangular,erect to spreading. Floral bract not keeled. Inflorescence 3-8cm long. klausii
       
A16 PLANT Long stems werdermannii
       
    Sessile, occasionally with short stem 17
       
A17 PLANT Not with thin grass like leaves 19
       
    With thin grasslike leaves 18
       
A18 LEAF SHEATH Thin triangular (8 - 15 mm wide) 18A
       
    Broad,oval (ca 30mm wide),Leathery brown. Leaf blade 6 mm wide, with thin lines. ortgiesiana
       
A18A PETAL Forming a tube, only tip rolled outwards. Leaves in 5 rows (rarely 4). Looking downwards from top seems star shaped. pentasticha
       
A19 FLOWER Reddish lilac, leaf short, stiff, hard, pungent concolor
       
    Not reddish lilac 20
       
A20 INFLORESCENCE Hanging schatzlii
       
    Upright 21
       
A21 LEAF Thin, triangular, spreading wide to recurved; long 23
       
    Thin, triangular,often secund, dense coarse pruinose. Petals dark violet often with white at extreme tip mitlaensis
       
    Broad, triangular, erect,stiff 22
       
A22 INFLORESCENCE Sword shaped to 50 cm long. Floral bract pale carmine red, scales white. Flower dark blue violet califani
       
    Not over 15 cm long. Floral bract green or pink. circinnatoides
       
A23 PETAL 4 - 7 cm long 24
       
    to 3.5cm long, Sepal 1.5cm long, floral bracts inflated, light red rhomboidea
       
A24 FLORAL BRACT naked 25
       
    Dense grey scales 27
       
    Sparsely lepidote, rose purple, median nerve prominent, twice as long as sepals. rhomboidea
       
    naked but for dense pale lepidote at tip and top edge, sepal 2cm long tricolor
       
A25 SPIKE 7.5 cm wide jalisco-monticola
       
    4 cm wide 26
       
    to 2.5 cm wide tricolor
       
A26 FLORAL BRACT Beaked, complanate, prominently nerved or ridged. From mainland fasciculata var. venosispica
       
    Yellow or rusty orange, beaked, inflated to complanate. From Caribbean Islands compressa
       
A27 SEPAL free chiapensis
       
    fused for 6 mm
(Renate Ehlers - inflorescence can be simple or up to 9)
elizabethiae
       
A28   NOT USED  
       
A29 PLANT Not with grasslike leaves 32
       
    with thin grasslike leaves 30
       
A30 LEAF green. Flower spike bent, spreading festucoides
       
    grey or brown scaled 30A
       
A30A LEAF grey scaled 31
       
    brown scaled. Leaves in 5 rows (rarely 4) looking down from top seems star shaped pentasticha
       
A31 INFLORESCENCE Capitate, spike short and closely digitate juncea
       
    Not capitate 31A
       
A31A INFLORESCENCE To 12 cm long. Scape bract grey green. Floral bract hides sepal. 31B
       
    To 20 cm long. Scape bract carmine red at base. Floral bract shorter than sepal hammeri
       
A31B INFLORESCENCE Spikes turned edgewise to axis setacea
       
    Spikes with flat side to axis 31C
       
A31C FLORAL BRACT To 4cm long. Petals to 6cm long
Primary bracts as long as lower spike
Note: this plant has been distributed in Germany and probably elsewhere as T. chaetophylla by Lau
setiformis
       
    To 16mm long. Petals to 4.5cm long
Primary bracts usually much shorter than the lower spikes
31D
       
A31D LEAF SHEATH Triangular. Leaf 20 - 40cm long, 1.5-2cm wide bartramii
       
    Ovate. Leaf 20-40cm long, 1.5-2cm wide simulata
       
A32 FLOWER STEM Long, protruding from the leaf rosette 44
       
    Short or missing, not protruding from the leaf rosette 32A
       
A32A FLOWER STEM Missing. Plant bulblike 2 - 2.5 cm wide diguetii
       
    Short 33
       
A33 INFLORESCENCE Thick,cone shaped, spike with light red primary bract. imperialis
       
    Not coned shaped 34
       
A34 FLORAL BRACT Naked 40
       
    More or less scaled 35
       
A35 BASE of PLANT Bulb like 35A
       
    Not Bulb like 36
       
A35A BULB To 8 cm wide, 10 cm high. Inflorescence capitate. Spike 3 cm long, 1.8 cm wide. Sepals free. ehlersiana
       
    Slender, 3 - 4 cm broad 35B
       
A35B FLORAL BRACT Much exceeding the sepals, spike to 7 cm long to 4cm wide. Tight bulb pruinosa
       
    Shorter than sepals, spike to 4 cm long to 3 cm wide. Loose bulb praschekii
       
A36 SPIKE 2 - 4 flowers 37
       
    5 or more flowers 38
       
A37 LEAF Blades grey scaled. Inflorescence upright. capitata
       
    Blades green with inconspicuous scales. Spike 2 flowered. Floral bracts and sepals lepidote. abdita
       
A38 SPIKE 5 - 6 flowered 38A
       
    5 - 10 flowered in a fusiform inflorescence 20 - 40 cm long, floral bracts distinctly nerved and lepidote at tip and margins. aguascalientensis
       
    8 or more flowered, sword shaped 38B
       
A38A SPIKE Roundish, lax vernardoi
       
    Flat. Inflorescence narrow spindle shaped. Petals appendaged Vriesea tillandsioides
       
A38B SPIKE More or less straight to erect 38C
       
    Bent with side spikes at right angles. Each spike resembles T. califani copanensis
       
A38C LEAF Green grey. 38D
       
    Grey scaled 39
       
A38D FLORAL BRACT Densely lepidote, keeled. Sepals lepidote. Lower branches of inflorescence much divided.
(Renate Ehlers - Inflorescence often bipinnate)
calothyrsus
       
    Sparsely lepidote, keeled. Sepals naked sueae
       
A39 INFLORESCENCE To 2 compound spikes. Petals dark violet, white tips, 4 cm long.
(Renate Ehlers - Inflorescence can be simple or up to 9)
elizabethiae
       
    To 5 - 6 compound spikes. Petals blue, 6cm long carlsoniae
       
A40 SPIKE 1 - 2 flowered masked by the primary bract. 40A
       
    3 or more flowered 41
       
A40A INFLORESCENCE Densely capitate, primary bracts cherry-red brachycaulos
       
    Densely capitate, primary bracts carmine-red. Leaves velvety to touch velutina
       
    Laxly compound, 16 cm long
IF YOU EVER GET THIS FAR contact us because we doubt the existence of this species!!
graebneri
       
A41 SPIKE Very thin to 1.4 cm wide 42
       
    Over 1.5 cm wide/ 8 - 20 cm long 43
       
A42 SPIKE 15 - 35 cm long 42A
       
    3 - 10 cm long 42B
       
A42A INFLORESCENCE Upright, fan forming flabellata
       
    Hanging, double compound to 1.5m long. juerg-rutschmannii
       
A42B SPIKE 3 - 5 cm long 42C
       
    9 - 10 cm long flagellata
       
A42C PRIMARY BRACT For lower spikes, hides the spike, red. foliosa
       
    For lower spikes,shorter than the spike, pink.
(Harry Luther - Bract colour red and maybe brighter than foliosa)
chlorophylla
       
A43 SPIKE To 20 cm long, 7.5 cm wide jalisco-monticola
       
    To 13 cm long, 2 - 3cm wide 43A
       
A43A SEPAL 2.5 - 3.5 cm long concolor
       
    1.5 cm long rhomboidea
       
A44 FLORAL BRACT Arranged close together, therefore rhachis not visible. 44A
       
    Arranged close together but rhachis barely visible. 44B
       
    Arranged laxly therefore Rhachis is visible. 45
       
A44A SPIKE Sword shaped, more than 4 flowered 51
       
    Sword-shaped, 1 to 4 flowered 44C
       
    Almost tubular at flowering. Primary and floral bracts rose, dense grey lepidote subteres
       
A44B SPIKE to 2 cm wide 44D
       
    3.5 to 4.5 cm wide mooreana
       
A44C PETALS Dark blue-violet, floral bract equalling sepal capitata
       
    Light blue-violet with white tip, floral bract exceeding sepal, scape to 35cm long with scape bracts to 30cm long rhodocephala
       
A44D INFLORESCENCE Upright, the top portion bent down. Petal violet blue, thin white border. Stamens exceed flower tube. Vriesea olmosana var olmosana
       
    Upright, petals greenish-yellow with violet edges. Stigma protruding from flower tube but not stamens Vriesea olmosana var. pachamamae
       
A45 FLORAL BRACT Longer or equalling the sepals 50
       
    Shorter than the sepals 46
       
A46 FLOWER Arranged spirally around the rhachis spiraliflora
       
    Arranged distichously. Petals appendaged Vriesea hitchcockiana
       
    Arranged distichously around the rhachis, but sometimes twisted one way. Petals not appendaged. 47
       
A47 FLORAL BRACT Green makoyana
       
    Rose or carmine red 47A
       
A47A RHACHIS Strongly angled in zigzag form. Floral bract rose. Leaves thick and rigid. dasyliriifolia
       
    Nearly straight 48
       
A48 FLOWER Arranged distichously. Floral bracts at base green, edges and tip carmine red. extensa
       
    Secund 49
       
A49 SEPAL 4 - 5 cm long. Floral bracts 3.5 cm long. secunda
       
    2 - 2.5 cm long. Floral bracts 1 - 1.5 cm long. mima
       
A50 INFLORESCENCE Numerous young plants in the inflorescence. Floral bracts as long as sepal, tipped violet. propagulifera
       
    No young plants in the inflorescence. Floral bract longer than the sepals. 50A
       
A50A PETAL Dark purple, not appendaged. socialis
       
    Dark purple, appendagd Vriesea rauhii
       
    Violet to blue violet 50B
       
A50B LEAF Purple/black leucolepis
       
    grey with white cross banding hildae
       
A51 LEAF Making an open funnel shaped rosette. Base not bulbose. 59
       
    Its base making a hollow, oval or cylindric to spindle shape bulb. 52
       
A52 LEAF BLADE Turning into spirals streptophylla
       
    Not turning into spirals 53
       
A53 LEAF BLADE Not round awllike nor tubular. Leaf edge forming a groove; Leaf tip forming a corkscrew balbisiana
       
    Narrow triangular, sheaths forming an oval bulb but blades spreading wide. smalliana
       
    Round awllike. Edges turning in 54
       
A54 LEAF Thick, spreading with rough scales. seleriana
       
    Thick adpressed scales but not spreading or with rough scales 55
       
A55 BULB Green - brown blotched butzii
       
    Plain not blotched 56
       
A56 LEAF SHEATH & LEAF BLADE With long stripes on the side pseudobaileyi
       
    Smooth not striped 57
       
A57 FLORAL BRACT Naked caput-medusae
       
    Scaled 58
       
A58 BULB Long, cylindric 58A
       
    Short, oval bulbosa
       
A58A FLOWER STEM Very long, with viviparous offsets intermedia
       
    Short paucifolia
       
A59 PRIMARY BRACT Shorter than the spike 68
       
    Longer than the spike, especially the lower ones 60
       
A60 INFLORESCENCE Upright or bent upward, not hanging 63
       
    hanging 61
       
A61 PRIMARY BRACT With short sharply bent back leaf like tip. Inflorescence long. 20-30 compound spikes. eizii
       
    With long slightly bent leaf like tip. Inflorescence short. 8-12 compound spikes 62
       
A62 INFLORESCENCE Laxly compound violacea
       
    Thick almost capitate compound sierra-juarezensis
       
A63 FLOWER SPIKE Erect, almost masked by adjacent red primary bract. Petals violet cauliflora
       
    Erect, almost masked by adjacent pale pink primary bract. Petals appearing purple-rose but really cream with dense violet-rose speckles, appendaged Vriesea sagasteguii
       
    Partly erect but spikes visible especially in top section, floral bracts green with red edges belloensis
       
    Spreading, visible 64
       
A64 FLORAL BRACT 7 cm long, bright red, frosted yunckeri
       
    To 5 cm long 65
       
A65 SEPAL Free 67
       
    More or less fused at back 66
       
A66 FLORAL BRACT 2 cm long, pink toned, Inflorescence ca erect variabilis
       
    4 - 4.5 cm long, green or reddish yellow, Inflorescence ca erect xerographica
       
    3.5 - 6 cm long, rose on outside, green inside. Inflorescence bent wuelfinghoffii
       
A67 SPIKE 8 mm broad, lancelike, roundish, bent orogenes
       
    2cm broad, flat standleyi
       
A68 INFLORESCENCE Dense 68A
       
    Arranged laxly 69
       
A68A INFLORESCENCE Cylindric to narrow spindle shaped to 30 cm polystachia
       
    Globose to sub globose 68B
       
A68B INFLORESCENCE Globose. Spikes short 4 - 6 cm long and almost as wide. Ovate rotundata
       
    Sub globose to 40 cm high. Spikes 15 cm by 4cm wide. ponderosa
       
A69 FLORAL BRACT Naked or the tip scarcely scaled, or, frosty waxed, but never densely scaled. 72
       
    Densely scaled 70
       
    Naked but for dense pale lepidote at tip and top edge, sepal 2cm long tricolor
       
A70 FLORAL BRACT Longer than sepals 71
       
    Shorter than sepals, leaf blade strongly bent back exserta
       
A71 SPIKE Upright, sepals totally free. parvispica
       
    Spreading. Sepals joined for 6mm. vicentina
       
A72 FLORAL BRACT Not waxy coated 74
       
    Waxy coated 73
       
A73 SPIKE 30 - 70 cm long, 4 cm wide. Petals dark blue. rauhii
       
    10 - 20 cm long, 3 cm wide. Petals dark violet to almost black. Floral bract with violet tip. ferreyrae
       
A74 INFLORESCENCE To 15 - 25 compound spikes xerographica
       
    Up to 12 compound spikes 75
       
A75 SEPAL Not keeled ecarinata
       
    Keeled 76
       
A76 PETAL Up to 5 cm long 78
       
    6 - 7 cm long 76A
       
A76A INFLORESCENCE Pendant, laxly bipinnate pamelae
       
    Erect 77
       
A77 SPIKE 4cm wide, petals violet/blue fasciculata
       
    2.5cm wide, petals violet/blue tricolor
       
    2-3cm wide, petels reddish/lilac concolor
       
A78 INFLORESCENCE Numerous, more than 4 compound spikes 80
       
    2 -4 compound spikes 79
       
A79 FLORAL BRACT Inflated. Spike almost roundish, uniformly red rhomboidea
       
    Not inflated; spike almost flat. Floral bract and the base of the inflorescence red, the middle or above straw coloured to green. tricolor
       
A80 RHACHIS Visible durangensis
       
    Not visible 80A
       
A80A LEAF Blade 1.5 - 3.5 cm at base to 50 cm long, grey scaled. 81
       
    Blade 5 cm wide at base to 70 cm long, green-grey. Spikes spreading, 10 - 12 flowered. Floral bract pink langlasseana
syn. intumescens
       
A81 SEPAL Shorter than or equalling the floral bract. Inflorescence to 40 cm long. 81A
       
    Longer than the floral bract. Inflorescence to 11 cm long. polita
       
A81A FLORAL BRACT Straight or with slightly curved apex. Primary bract especially for lower spikes has long blade. dugesii
       
    Forming a hood over the flower. Primary bracts with short or no blade. rodrigueziana
       
A82 INFLORESCENCE Compound 121
       
    Simple 83
       
A83 PLANT Looks like Club Moss pedicellata
       
    Does not look like Club Moss 84
       
A84 FLOWER Distichous or the inflorescence has 1 or 2 flowers. 92
       
    Spirally arranged 85
       
A85 FLOWER STALK Missing. Inflorescence short, cone shaped, sunk in the rosette. kammii
       
    Visible 86
       
A86 PETAL Rippled, twisted, sometimes blue with whitish mid stripe. bergeri
       
    Smooth, not rippled or twisted 87
       
A87 PLANT Stemless or very short 87A
       
    With stem 88
       
A87A FLORAL BRACT 6mm wide, posterior sepals joined for 6 mm. Leaf straight, almost upright. walter-richteri
       
    much exceeding 6mm wide. 87B
       
A87B LEAF Many in a rosette, somtimes secund. Blades narrowly triangular. stricta
       
    Succulent, strongly secund carminea
       
A88 PLANT With upright inflorescence 89
       
    With bent hanging inflorescence 91
       
A89 LEAF 5 - 15 cm long, 0.2 - 1.3 cm wide 90
       
    20 cm long, 2 - 2.5 cm wide leonamiana
       
A90 LEAF Arranged in a whorl, but robust, bent one way neglecta
       
    Not bent one way aeranthos
       
A91 LEAF Blades slender, 20 times as long as wide 91A
       
    Blades wider, 10 times as long as wide. Flower deep dark blue or grey blue. aeranthos
       
A91A SEPAL Posterior ones joined. Flower light blue to lilac. tenuifolia
       
    Free. Flower blue montana
       
A92 FLOWER Arranged densely distichous on rhachis, which is not visible. Inflorescence sword shaped. 102
       
    Arranged laxly on rhachis which is visible or the inflorescence is 1 or 2 flowered. 93
       
A93 PLANT With long leaves (over 5 cm long). When shorter, leaves are distichous 96
       
    With short leaves (up to 5 cm long ), stiff, hard almost succulent, triangular arranged in a whorl, leaves upright. 94
       
A94 INFLORESCENCE 3 - 8 flowering peiranoi
       
    1 - 2 flowering 95
       
A95 PETAL BLADE Large 1.2 cm wide kirschnekii
       
    Scarcely spreading, small, 2 - 3mm wide aizoides
       
A96 LEAF Thin triangular; flower densely or almost densely arranged on rhachis. 96A
       
    Thin awllike to filiform or grasslike. 97
       
A96A LEAF To 50 cm long 96B
       
    To 17 cm long 96C
       
A96B PETAL 8 cm long, blade large, spreading, bright blue. pretiosa
       
    4.2 cm long, thin, tongue shaped mazatlanensis
       
A96C LEAF To 17 cm long. 96D
       
    To 8.5 cm long. Spike narrow, few flowered (to 5). Rhachis not visible. zecheri v. cafayatensis
       
A96D OFFSET on long stolons, petals with appendage Vriesea espinosae
       
    virtually no stolon, spike wide (to 14 mm), 5 - 10 flowered, rhachis just visible zecheri
       
A97 FLOWER Spread out on rhachis. Inflorescence 4 - 8, flowering light blue. Petal blade to 7mm wide. Leaves spirally arranged. caerulea